The use of "dirty" technologies (emissions into the atmosphere, water and soil)
Innovative technologies of physical-chemical processing of feedstock and waste
Technologies developed by RUMAGROUPS that have passed the R&D stage and are ready for industrial use.
Processing of dumps/tailing, extraction of metals
Processing of dumps / tailings of enterprises engaged in the extraction and enrichment of ores containing nonferrous metals, incl. noble (gold, silver, platinum, palladium, rhodium, iridium, etc.) and rare earth metals (germanium, thallium, gallium, scandium, rhenium, etc.).
• Ultra-fine grinding of raw materials (tailings, dumps, ores) to open hard-to-open mineral raw materials and increase the depth of extraction of metals, including finely disseminated ones, which precedes the process of extracting target metals using traditional technologies.
• Ultra-fine grinding of raw materials (tailings, dumps, ores) to open hard-to-open mineral raw materials and increase the depth of extraction of metals, including finely disseminated ones, which precedes the process of extracting target metals using traditional technologies.
• Environmentally safe extraction of target metals of gold-platinum groups, as well as rare earth metals, using cascade separation plants using traditional and innovative extraction technologies (hydrochemical, mechanochemical, magnetic, membrane) with a recovery rate of 60% or more of non-waste feedstock (depending on the original raw materials and target metals).
Thermal power plants - processing of dumps/tailing, extraction of metals
Processing of ash and slag dumps of coal-fired power plants with the following output products: combustible gas (electricity and heat are produced from it), some rare earth and precious metals, as well as building materials and products.
• The imperfection of traditional combustion technologies (especially when using grate furnaces) leads to the fact that up to 30-40% of coal does not burn, but ends up in dumps, mixing with ash, which in itself poses an environmental threat.
• Coal ash - a mixture of silicon dioxide (SiO2), aluminum oxides (Al2O3), iron (Fe2O3) and calcium oxide (CaO), contains lead and other heavy metals, sometimes ash contains a large amount of radionuclides (is radioactive).
• The imperfection of traditional combustion technologies (especially when using grate furnaces) leads to the fact that up to 30-40% of coal does not burn, but ends up in dumps, mixing with ash, which in itself poses an environmental threat.
• Coal ash - a mixture of silicon dioxide (SiO2), aluminum oxides (Al2O3), iron (Fe2O3) and calcium oxide (CaO), contains lead and other heavy metals, sometimes ash contains a large amount of radionuclides (is radioactive).
• Dumps of thermal power plants (TPP) must be effectively disposed of, because some of the hazardous substances eventually enter the groundwater and the atmosphere and lead to irreparable damage to the health of citizens and the environment.
• At most TPPs (according to some reports, more than 70%), dumps are not disposed of due to lack of land for landfills where they should be buried, as a consequence they cause irreparable harm to human health and the environment.
• Some types of coal used at TPPs have a high content of precious and rare earth elements (germanium and some others), which end up in dumps. We can effectively extract these elements (extraction rate of 60% or more).
• At most TPPs (according to some reports, more than 70%), dumps are not disposed of due to lack of land for landfills where they should be buried, as a consequence they cause irreparable harm to human health and the environment.
• Some types of coal used at TPPs have a high content of precious and rare earth elements (germanium and some others), which end up in dumps. We can effectively extract these elements (extraction rate of 60% or more).
Vortex grinding complex (VGC)
Vortex grinding complex (VGC), a shock-vortex acoustic grinding complex, is an inexpensive, energy-efficient, 100% import-substituting technological equipment and has been tested on an industrial scale for 5 years. It produces microcement, which was previously supplied to the Russian Federation only by import.
Microcement is a particularly finely dispersed mineral binder (PFDB) in the form of a powder with a guaranteed smooth change in particle size distribution. It is similar in mineral composition to ordinary Portland cement and is produced at the VGC complex by means of air separation of dust during grinding of cement clinker.
Several grades of microcement are produced: they differ in particle size distribution, as well as depending on the type of initial cement clinker and additives to it.
Highly efficient pumping of energy on the CVGC complex destroys the agglomerates formed during the storage of the initial mixture, grinds a large fraction (40-80 microns), mechanically activates the entire mixture and increases the grade of cement.
The used grinding method is energy efficient, provides a high percentage of fractions with the dimension and shape of particles that are optimal for the production of microcement, the total proportion of particles of 5-50 microns is more than 90%.
Microcement is a particularly finely dispersed mineral binder (PFDB) in the form of a powder with a guaranteed smooth change in particle size distribution. It is similar in mineral composition to ordinary Portland cement and is produced at the VGC complex by means of air separation of dust during grinding of cement clinker.
Several grades of microcement are produced: they differ in particle size distribution, as well as depending on the type of initial cement clinker and additives to it.
Highly efficient pumping of energy on the CVGC complex destroys the agglomerates formed during the storage of the initial mixture, grinds a large fraction (40-80 microns), mechanically activates the entire mixture and increases the grade of cement.
The used grinding method is energy efficient, provides a high percentage of fractions with the dimension and shape of particles that are optimal for the production of microcement, the total proportion of particles of 5-50 microns is more than 90%.
Areas of application of microcement:
• industrial and civil construction (it is similar to Portland cement grades), especially modern high-rise construction, bridges and other complex technical structures;
• production of various concrete and reinforced concrete structures with the highest frost resistance, durability and moisture resistance;
• production of lightweight concrete (foam concrete), as well as the production of special types of cement (bactericidal, plugging, heat-resistant, radiation, expanding cement for fixing pipes in the ground, cement with polymeric metal corrosion inhibitors, cements with reinforcing additives, cement for self-leveling concrete, etc.);
• reduction in the amount of binders in the production of cement (the use of finely ground blast-furnace slags, thermal power plant ash, quartz sand, etc. makes it possible to reduce the consumption of cement clinker by 3 to 10 times);
• production of components for Sorell cement (magnesite, dolomite);
• production of micropowders for asphalt concrete (waste from cyclones);
• production of suspensions based on PFDB for fixing soils (dirt country roads, river banks, slopes, etc.);
• production of injection suspensions with high penetration ability.
• industrial and civil construction (it is similar to Portland cement grades), especially modern high-rise construction, bridges and other complex technical structures;
• production of various concrete and reinforced concrete structures with the highest frost resistance, durability and moisture resistance;
• production of lightweight concrete (foam concrete), as well as the production of special types of cement (bactericidal, plugging, heat-resistant, radiation, expanding cement for fixing pipes in the ground, cement with polymeric metal corrosion inhibitors, cements with reinforcing additives, cement for self-leveling concrete, etc.);
• reduction in the amount of binders in the production of cement (the use of finely ground blast-furnace slags, thermal power plant ash, quartz sand, etc. makes it possible to reduce the consumption of cement clinker by 3 to 10 times);
• production of components for Sorell cement (magnesite, dolomite);
• production of micropowders for asphalt concrete (waste from cyclones);
• production of suspensions based on PFDB for fixing soils (dirt country roads, river banks, slopes, etc.);
• production of injection suspensions with high penetration ability.
Aerodynamic grinding unit (AGU)
AGU is an extension of the VGC Complex and has wider functionality.
To effectively correct the granulometric composition of microcements and improve their consumer properties, it is necessary to combine the function of effective separation and targeted grinding of large fractions in the grinding unit.
AGU solves this problem.
To effectively correct the granulometric composition of microcements and improve their consumer properties, it is necessary to combine the function of effective separation and targeted grinding of large fractions in the grinding unit.
AGU solves this problem.
Its design allows to obtain crushed materials with a narrow granulometric composition. The degree of grinding is regulated by the mode of operation of the vortex chamber and the separation system. At the same time, the yield of the required fraction is up to 90-97%, depending on the crushed material.
AGU areas of application:
Obtaining highly dispersed powders from materials such as periclase (magnesium oxide, the main refractory material), quartz sand, marshalite (pulverized quartz), corundum, zirconium dioxide, titanium dioxide, fly ash from thermal power plants, blast-furnace slags and non-ferrous metallurgy slags, cement clinker and others
AGU areas of application:
Obtaining highly dispersed powders from materials such as periclase (magnesium oxide, the main refractory material), quartz sand, marshalite (pulverized quartz), corundum, zirconium dioxide, titanium dioxide, fly ash from thermal power plants, blast-furnace slags and non-ferrous metallurgy slags, cement clinker and others
VGC Complex (other applications)
• Ore processing - grinding of ore and non-metallic materials: rocks and ore concentrates, including wollastonite, asbestos and mica;
• Processing of industrial wastes of mining, smelting and heat & power stages: slag and dumps of thermal power plants, tailings of mining and processing plants, pyrite cinders, etc.;
• Production of fuel from coal mining/coal enrichment waste and woodworking industry waste: grinding coal for water-coal fuel (WCF), for enriching low-grade coal, obtaining fuel briquettes, obtaining wood flour and raw materials for the production of pellets;
• Production of superhard materials: for super-grinding of metal, ceramic and abrasive powders in the production of functional and structural ceramics, cermets, cutting tools, refractories and heat insulators;
• Production of fillers and mineral pigments: grinding of graphite, coke, soot and antifriction materials, production of fillers for paintwork materials;
• Production of building materials: microcalcite (gypsum, marble, chalk), dry building mixtures, modifying additives, mortars and concretes;
• Processing of industrial wastes of mining, smelting and heat & power stages: slag and dumps of thermal power plants, tailings of mining and processing plants, pyrite cinders, etc.;
• Production of fuel from coal mining/coal enrichment waste and woodworking industry waste: grinding coal for water-coal fuel (WCF), for enriching low-grade coal, obtaining fuel briquettes, obtaining wood flour and raw materials for the production of pellets;
• Production of superhard materials: for super-grinding of metal, ceramic and abrasive powders in the production of functional and structural ceramics, cermets, cutting tools, refractories and heat insulators;
• Production of fillers and mineral pigments: grinding of graphite, coke, soot and antifriction materials, production of fillers for paintwork materials;
• Production of building materials: microcalcite (gypsum, marble, chalk), dry building mixtures, modifying additives, mortars and concretes;
• Production of agricultural products: obtaining multi-component feed, fine grinding of mineral feedstock for the production of mineral fertilizers and plant protection products;
• Application in pharmaceuticals and cosmetology: grinding of medicinal herbs, finely ground shells of various types of nuts (walnut, hazelnut, macadamia, etc.);
• Application in the food processing industry: finely ground powders from some types of vegetables, fruits, spices for the production of mixtures and concentrates;
• Processing of waste from various industries: joint grinding-mixing of components.
VGC complexes have high energy efficiency, low capital intensity in comparison with analogues, high grade of maintainability and low maintenance costs.
A distinctive feature of the VGC complexes is that they realize the possibility of simultaneous drying and grinding. The requirement for the moisture content of the feedstock is not more than 60%.
• Application in pharmaceuticals and cosmetology: grinding of medicinal herbs, finely ground shells of various types of nuts (walnut, hazelnut, macadamia, etc.);
• Application in the food processing industry: finely ground powders from some types of vegetables, fruits, spices for the production of mixtures and concentrates;
• Processing of waste from various industries: joint grinding-mixing of components.
VGC complexes have high energy efficiency, low capital intensity in comparison with analogues, high grade of maintainability and low maintenance costs.
A distinctive feature of the VGC complexes is that they realize the possibility of simultaneous drying and grinding. The requirement for the moisture content of the feedstock is not more than 60%.
Environmental impact and outlook
As a result of consumption and human economic activity in the world, a huge amount of waste is constantly generated, some of which accumulates in landfills, harms the environment and is a source of potential threat to human life and health.
Therefore, now the issues related to the processing/disposal of waste are among the most pressing ones. The most significant one is the environmental impact. Not less important are also economic ones, such as the return of waste to economic circulation in the form of secondary products (diesel fuel, gasoline, marine fuel, heating oil, synthesis gas, motor oils, fuel oil, bitumen additives, semi-coke) and energy contained in the waste (electrical and thermal energy).
World practices show that the most appropriate solution to this problem is the gradual abandonment of widespread waste disposal in favor of resource-saving and waste recycling/utilization technologies that are effectively used in the global economy.
Therefore, now the issues related to the processing/disposal of waste are among the most pressing ones. The most significant one is the environmental impact. Not less important are also economic ones, such as the return of waste to economic circulation in the form of secondary products (diesel fuel, gasoline, marine fuel, heating oil, synthesis gas, motor oils, fuel oil, bitumen additives, semi-coke) and energy contained in the waste (electrical and thermal energy).
World practices show that the most appropriate solution to this problem is the gradual abandonment of widespread waste disposal in favor of resource-saving and waste recycling/utilization technologies that are effectively used in the global economy.
Disadvantages of existing solutions worldwide
Low efficiency of waste processing
Non-disposable toxic residues of processing
Productivity of processing facilities lower than desirable
High costs of energy supply
Equipment unreliability
CDC’s 3D-model
CDC: technological scheme
Types of waste to be processed
CDC allows highly profitable processing of any carbon-containing waste. By large, to-be-processed waste can be divided into the following groups:
Oil production and petrochemical processing waste (oil-sludge, petro-coke, tars, etc.)
Plastic, waste tyres and rubber
Waste from agricultural production (manures, shell, husk, carcasses of livestock, etc.)
Wastes from coal mining and enrichment (coal dust, cake, dumps, sludge)
MSW (municipal solid waste), medical, pharma- and bio-production waste
Municipal waste water sludge, waste of water areas (algae)
Wood harvesting and processing waste (sawdust, bark, railway sleepers, etc.)
CDC: ideology of waste processing
Various types of waste differ significantly in composition, methods of formation and physical properties, they need an individual approach.
Due to insufficient understanding of this and, as a result, of improperly selected technological processes and equipment, most of waste disposal/processing projects do not give the desired effect.
By applying high-tech and environmentally friendly processes in CDC, we process almost all types of carbon-containing waste. The question boils down to what configuration of equipment and what mode of operation will be determined as optimal for a given type of waste as a result of our research of waste samples and testing of process equipment.
Due to insufficient understanding of this and, as a result, of improperly selected technological processes and equipment, most of waste disposal/processing projects do not give the desired effect.
By applying high-tech and environmentally friendly processes in CDC, we process almost all types of carbon-containing waste. The question boils down to what configuration of equipment and what mode of operation will be determined as optimal for a given type of waste as a result of our research of waste samples and testing of process equipment.
Types of products obtained *
* The exact types of products to be obtained in the process is dependent on a waste type and will be confirmed after analysis of waste samples, type of the industrial facility engaged and the customer's technical specifications.
CDC’s advantages
Ecological safety, absence of harmful emissions
High depth and efficiency of waste processing
High capacity
Low energy costs (energy autonomy)
Absence of non-utilizable processing residues
Continuous production process (automatic mode 7/24)
Possibility of obtaining useful secondary products of waste processing (liquid fuel, semi-coke, synthesis gas, electricity, heat, cold, sorbents, bio-fertilizers, etc.)
CDC: general characteristics of a base complex
The uniqueness of our technology allows to build processing facilities of any given productivity on the basis of a base complex with productivity of up to 10 tph of the prepared feedstock (up to 240 tpd)
Productivity of a base complex: up to 10 tph of the prepared feedstock
(10 to 25 tph of source feedstock, or 80,000 to 200,000 tpa)
Occupied area: 2 hectares
Buildings and structures:
Main complex - 1
Warehouses - 2
Temporary storage warehouse (reserve) - 1
Productivity of a base complex: up to 10 tph of the prepared feedstock
(10 to 25 tph of source feedstock, or 80,000 to 200,000 tpa)
Occupied area: 2 hectares
Buildings and structures:
Main complex - 1
Warehouses - 2
Temporary storage warehouse (reserve) - 1
Installed electrical power: 350 kW (autonomy)
Voltage: 380 V AC, three-phase
Current frequency: 50 Hz
Moisture content of the prepared feedstock: not more than 15%
Moisture content of source feedstock: up to 80%
Operating temperatures: up to 450-650°C in the reaction zone (the reactor vessel is designed for temperatures up to 1200°C).
Voltage: 380 V AC, three-phase
Current frequency: 50 Hz
Moisture content of the prepared feedstock: not more than 15%
Moisture content of source feedstock: up to 80%
Operating temperatures: up to 450-650°C in the reaction zone (the reactor vessel is designed for temperatures up to 1200°C).
CDC – technical characteristics of the base complex
The table below shows the main technical characteristics of the CDC’s base complex with a capacity of up to 10 tph of prepared feedstock on the example of MSW:
Ecological safety
Our technological solutions exclude a direct combustion of carbonaceous materials. They provide a multi-stage flue gas cleaning system, which is guaranteed to meet the requirements of domestic and foreign standards for the degree of production impact on the environment.
The content of harmful and toxic substances at the outlet of the dust and gas cleaning system is reduced by several times.
Using the example of MSW: the content of hydrogen chloride and hydrogen fluoride is reduced by factor of 2-3 times, nitrogen oxides - by 20-30%, carbon oxides by factor of 1.5-2.0 times, polyaromatic hydrocarbons by factor of 1.5-1.8 times.
The entire process of thermochemical conversion is carried out without access to oxygen/air or in their being present in extremely small quantities, which, among other things, prevents the formation of dioxins and furans.
The content of harmful and toxic substances at the outlet of the dust and gas cleaning system is reduced by several times.
Using the example of MSW: the content of hydrogen chloride and hydrogen fluoride is reduced by factor of 2-3 times, nitrogen oxides - by 20-30%, carbon oxides by factor of 1.5-2.0 times, polyaromatic hydrocarbons by factor of 1.5-1.8 times.
The entire process of thermochemical conversion is carried out without access to oxygen/air or in their being present in extremely small quantities, which, among other things, prevents the formation of dioxins and furans.
Project implementation stages (demo example)
Developing a complex of duplex conversion
CDC is an example of world-class technological and engineering achievements in the field of environmentally friendly recycling/disposal of waste.
For about 15 years, more than 40 specialists (engineers, designers, candidates and doctors of sciences) have been collaborating on the creation of the complex.
As of today, more than 50 new design and engineering solutions, as well as 4 patents, have been used in the configuration of present CDC.
For about 15 years, more than 40 specialists (engineers, designers, candidates and doctors of sciences) have been collaborating on the creation of the complex.
As of today, more than 50 new design and engineering solutions, as well as 4 patents, have been used in the configuration of present CDC.